Altitude: an e-journal of emerging humanities work

July 1, 2004

Mars 2, Venus 0: Exploring Self Help Books

Filed under: Volume 1: Subjectivities (2001) — Tags: , — Clifton Evers @ 5:30 am

by Julia Martin, Altitude, Volume 1, Article 3, 2001.

PDF Version: Mars 2, Venus 0: Exploring Self Help Books

The self help book is the most tangible narrative produced by the self improvement movement, and it regularly tops the best seller lists both here in Australia and in the United States. The idea of combining know-how with personal transformation is a potent offshoot of the North American psyche, one which is prone to regular satirical treatment in Australia, but continues to dominate our non fiction market. This article will examine a few of the particularly persistent qualities of the self-help tradition. It will then examine how they are expressed in John Gray’s well-known book, Men are From Mars, Women are From Venus, which was a New York Times best-seller for 140 weeks, and has sold more than four million copies in 86 languages worldwide since its release in 1992 (Bader 1). Examination of this text will show that Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus is another manifestation of the mind cure tradition, a movement that emphasises individual empowerment and simultaneously removes it.

I wish to emphasise from the start that I am not against the entire self-help movement. My own reading of self-help books, and talking with others who read them, leads me to believe that there are a great number of these publications that can assist people. If one is to define self-help books as publications which aim to resolve individual problems or provide knowledge to enhance individual decision making, then the aims of such books are not harmful per se. But within the genre of self-help, the means offered to reach such noble-sounding ends can differ wildly, from books of the ‘know-how’ variety (how to manage money, or deal with a life-threatening illness) to the more radical, sometimes harmful, end of the spectrum.

Julia Martin completed her PhD at the School of English at the University of New South Wales. Her thesis is on diaries of the Enlightenment period and the fiction of the unified subject. Other research interests include self-help movements; autobiography; and electronic publishing.

Reading Practice: Certain Hermeneutics and the ‘Problem Text’

Filed under: Volume 1: Subjectivities (2001) — Tags: , — Clifton Evers @ 5:06 am

by Paul Lobban, Altitude, Volume 1, Article 2, 2001.

PDF Version: Reading Practice: Certain Hermeneutics and the ‘Problem Text’

The initial difficulty for me is one I will return to again, that of the conjunction between different texts and modes of thought. In this specific case the conjunction is between the interpretative breadth and variability of Michel de Certeau’s inquiries into the practices of reading and writing, and the descriptively unadorned, relatively unknown personal diary of Lady Margaret Hoby, kept between 1599 and 1605. Immediately the validity of value-judgments about “interest” or appropriateness are themselves called into question, given my prefatory quotes from Certeau and Deleuze, further destabilizing what I hope to present as some form of argument. Such a move is underpinned by a heterological perspective of interpretative practice, heterology briefly defined is ‘the introduction of alterity into familiar spaces’ (Ahearne 67). Certeau’s heterological framework, the contiguous deployment of familiar interpretative, spatial and textual models and their ‘others’, provides for myself, as for Margaret Hoby, spaces of autonomy and self-determination within notionally prescriptive conceptual and physical environments. By deploying Certeau’s self-reflexive interpretative models against an ambivalent historical text it becomes apparent that the unstable perspectivism arising from an individually inflected Certalian hermeneutics reads the diary according to a particular set of interpretative, textual, and historical logics. Of particular interest here is the interaction between Certeau’s subversive reading practices and a text whose authority is at best uncertain – the diary in its incipient phase.

Paul Lobban completed his PhD at the University of Adelaide. His thesis focussed on domestic (diaries, letters) and prophetical writing by English women during the early modern period.

Mapping Lived Spaces and Spaces Between ‘Good’ and ‘bad’ Girls in Margaret Atwood’s ‘The Robber Bride’

Filed under: Volume 1: Subjectivities (2001) — Tags: — Clifton Evers @ 4:50 am

by Shelley Kulperger, Altitude, Volume 1, Article 1, 2001.

PDF Version: Mapping Lived Spaces and Spaces Between ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ Girls in Margaret Atwood’s ‘The Robber Bride’

Transgression’, ‘cartography’, ‘deterritorialization’ and ‘nomadism’ are just some of the ‘spatial’ metaphors and critical models that have come, recently, to dominate cultural and critical theory. These invocations of spatial poetics and politics give us a reason to consider what the poststructuralist celebration of what functions, metaphorically, as a non-fixed, domestic, outside might mean to feminist concerns over gender, subjectivity and space. Margaret Atwood’s The Robber Bride provides a ‘map’ for exploring some of these concerns through the protagonists of her text who are crudely characterised and stereotyped as ‘good’ and ‘bad’ girls and through the particular emphasis on domestic and urban space. In a critical examination of essentialised female subjectivity, much of Atwood’s recent work looks to the historical foundations of ‘good’ and ‘bad’ femininity, of ‘Angels-in-the-House’ and femmes fatales, of malicious Medusas and drowning Ophelias. In The Robber Bride, these models of femininity carry their historical references but also emphatically arise out of routine spatial practices and belongings.

Shelley Kulperger completed a PhD in the School of English, Media Studies and Art History at the University of Queensland

December 2, 2003

Volume 3: In Response (2003)

Filed under: Volume 3: In Response (2003) — Clifton Evers @ 12:28 am

Editorial by Robyn Tucker and Emily Potter, Altitude, Volume 3, Editorial, 2003.

‘Responsibility’ is entangled in much contemporary debate. The work in this edition of Altitude engages with a variety of notions about both responsibility, and the issue of response. It ranges from responsibility as a humanist ethic – one that perhaps inevitably fails to be met; the question of responsibility at local, national and global levels; and the shifting imperatives of the geo-political in terms of responsibility and difference.

These issues are introduced through illustrations of active responses in various presents, and reflections on responding to, and taking responsibility for, past actions. Response opens to further response and, as these pieces demonstrate, engagement and debate never conclude a concern, but are persuasive acts highlighting critical junctures in responsibility.

Articles:

Gay Breyley, Displaced Mothers Respond: Intergenerational Responsibilities in and Around the Texts of F.A. and Lily Brett: PDF
Kaaren Blom, Response and Responsibility: Communities in the Wake of Disaster: PDF
Susan Hawthorne, Responsibility: Personal and Global: PDF

Reviews:

Patrick Allington, Reading and Reacting to Cambodia: Review
Rebecca Johinke, Traffic, Number One, 2002: Review
Barry Judd, Robert Foster, Rick Hosking, and Amanda Nettlebeck. Fatal Collisions: The South Australian Frontier and the Violence of Memory. Wakefield, 2002: Review
Karen Turner, Ann Curthoys. Freedom Ride: A Freedom Rider Remembers. Allen & Unwin, 2002: Review

December 1, 2002

Volume 2: Dreamscapes

Filed under: Volume 2: Dreamscapes (2002) — Tags: , , — Clifton Evers @ 7:03 am

Editorial by Emily Potter and Robyn Tucker, Altitude, Volume 2, Editorial, 2002.

PDF Version: Dreamscapes

Utopias and dystopias are frequently assumed to be oppositional spaces distinct from ‘ordinary’ lived experience; they are perfect spaces (whether positive or negative)-dreamscapes, ‘outside’ or other. Critical to this edition of altitude, however, is the recognition of the tensions of such categories.

Utopias and dystopias are contextual; what they represent stems from the situation from which they are envisioned. In this sense they are part of, rather than disassociated from. What, then, is their function within the present?
Are they utilized as tools for (specific types of) expression?
Can they be politically effective?

Are they transient, or can they form ontologies?
Considered contextually, are they part of a vision of progress, an eternal becoming? Can they ever be realised (and could we actually exist within them)?
Moreover, are utopias and dystopias actually ‘poles apart’?
Can we define such boundaries, or are they perhaps fluid?
Can they merge into each other?
Can one exist without the possibility of the other?
Can there be spaces-dreamscapes-in which they co-mingle? Indeed, are our ‘ordinary’, lived realities dreamscapes?
The pieces in this edition approach these questions, and more, in varying ways and modes, offering a landscape for contemplation that reflects the possibilities and limitations of these particular visions.

Contents


Articles:

Judy Greenway, Impossible Outlaws: Gender, Space and Utopia in Johnny Guitar
Emily Potter, ‘How can you live in a city of monuments?’: Reading Commemoration and Forgetting in Adelaide’s North Terrace Precinct
Conrad Russell, Dream and Nightmare in William Gibson’s Architectures of Cyberspace
Jesse Shipway, Psychoanalysis and Economics: The Significance of the Primal Scene
Lesley Williams, Beyond My window

Creative:
Ike Kim, manentersroom
Mark Noe, Conversations with Barthes Prior to Committing Suicide
Liza Slater, Balloonman

August 1, 2002

Impossible Outlaws: Gender, Space and Utopia in Johnny Guitar

Filed under: Volume 2: Dreamscapes (2002) — Tags: , , — Clifton Evers @ 7:00 am

by Judy Greenway, Altitude, Volume 2, Article 1, 2002.

PDF Version: Impossible Outlaws: Gender, Space and Utpoia in Johnny Guitar

In the country of Robin Hood, outlaws have a privileged place in the imagination. Over the centuries, in a multiplicity of Robin Hood narratives from children’s histories to recycled Hollywood costume dramas, outlawry has come to stand for colour and excitement in a monochrome world, and the romance of resistance to an unjust and repressive society. Central to the mythography is Sherwood Forest, the greenwood, the outlaws’ hideout; a place of nature separate from a corrupt society and the machinations of the Sheriff, where the outlaws have a degree of autonomy, and are able to rehearse the values of a different and better world. Robin Hood and his men merge with more ambiguous representations of the outlaw in the Western, perhaps the oldest genre of popular cinema. The outlaw takes on a generic character; and myths of outlawry and safe hideouts become one of the ways of imagining a changed world, or the creation of a new society that is both inside and outside the old.

Judy Greenway is a senior lecturer in the Department of Cultural Studies at the University of East London, where she teaches courses on Lesbian and Gay cultures, utopianism, and feminism and film.

July 1, 2002

‘How Can You Live in a City of Monuments?’: Reading Commemoration and Forgetting in Adelaide’s North Terrace Precinct

Filed under: Volume 2: Dreamscapes (2002) — Tags: , , , — Clifton Evers @ 6:55 am

by Emily Potter, Altitude, Volume 2, Article 2, 2002.

PDF Version:How Can You Live in a City of Monuments?’: Reading Commemoration and Forgetting in Adelaide’s North Terrace Precinct

The title of this paper comes from Antoni Jach’s novel, The Layers of the City, in which the protagonist, researching as he calls it, ‘the many layers of Paris’ (1), wanders through the city’s spaces. His sensory encounters are multi-dimensional: like an x-ray, the visions, sounds and smells of an ancient place are evoked in the modern city, itself in constant process. Past and present seem co-existent here. The layers of human life, like piled up bones in the city’s catacombs, are the ground from which everything new emerges. The past is sustenance and generation, continually transformed as new becomes old and the future is now. At the same time, however, there is a sense of suffocation in Jach’s layered city, a degree of weightiness and burden, of statues, buildings and other icons of memory that hang heavy. His question ‘How can you live in a city of monuments?’ (117) is a point of departure for my own examination of a weighted space in a different city centre. In focusing upon the North Terrace precinct in the Adelaide CBD, I want to highlight the problematics of an engagement with the past that concretises remembering in the monument form. When these icons are presented as cohesive models of socially being and belonging, authorised by a particular ideology of common experience, the problematics are intensified. While I advocate an approach to memory that is part of the everyday, the actual constructs within which we daily move must be examined for what they ultimately offer and inhibit. Without abandoning the monument as a participant in memory, and denying the role of North Terrace as an active precinct in civic life, the necessity is there to acknowledge its language of selection and privilege if we are to escape, what Antoni Jach terms, ‘those residues of the past threatening to strangle the present’ (117).

In this discussion I want to highlight the intrinsic connection between remembering and place. While memory can be seen as an intangible, unfettered and mobile amongst the words and images that seek to represent it, the apparent need by groups to claim collectivity and find forms for its acknowledgement means that remembering is often located and scripted to signify particular ways of knowing and engaging with the past. Social space, as Lefebrve points out, is a ‘social product and embodies social relations’ (in Jaireth 24), making it a readable text through which we can trace and define operations of history and community. When social space is formulated however, persistently constructed and kept within fixed definitions of meaning, heterogenic existence is suppressed. There is no sense of interrelated spaces, no acknowledgement of plurality. I see the homogenisation of memory at work in North Terrace and feel the urgency of dismantling this. Through a proliferation of the monument and a continual return here to perform common remembering within the tropes of nation and the state, history is fixed, rendered immobile by acts of commemoration that impose, construct, and more significantly appear unchallenged. Here the icon is established as a connective device that ironically disconnects through its exclusionary nature, disabling the potential dynamics of remembering-that is, an experience of the active and the shared. As a self-conscious voice of public remembering, the symbolic demarcation of North Terrace needs to be taken as one of many approaches to memory in our city. It is imperative that we critically examine the meanings of commemoration in this public space, not to reject its gestures of public remembering, but to examine the ideas invested within these and thus to contextualise the spaces around us in terms of what they voice and how we choose to listen. It is not ‘the silence of the stone’, as Marina Warner puts it (Warner 37), that makes the monument fraught, but our relationship to it. To what and how we choose to publicly lay claim is fundamentally at issue.

Emily Potter is a postdoctoral fellow in the Faculty of Architecture, Planning, and Building at the University of Melbourne.

Dream and Nightmare in William Gibson’s Architectures of Cyberspace

Filed under: Volume 2: Dreamscapes (2002) — Tags: , , — Clifton Evers @ 6:48 am

by Conrad Russell, Altitude, Volume 2, Article 3, 2002.

PDF Version: Dreams and Nightmare in William Gibson’s Architectures of Cyberspace

Like City Lights, Receding�’

‘the cyberpunks are fascinated by interzones: the areas where…”the street finds its own uses for things”‘ (Bruce Sterling, Mirrorshades xiii ).

‘Cyberspace. A consensual hallucination experienced daily by billions� Lines of light ranged in the nonspace of the mind, clusters and constellations of data. Like city lights, receding�’ (William Gibson, Neuromancer 67).

‘Cyberpunk’, which forms the central theme of this paper, has been described by one of its best-known practitioners as ‘(a)n unholy alliance of the technical world and…the underground world of pop culture, visionary fluidity and street-level anarchy’ (Sterling xii) 1. Fran�oise Choay insists that utopia must consist of a narrative description of a model society, and that, ‘the model society (must be) supported by a model space which is a necessary, integral part of it’ (34). Does Cyberpunk qualify as a ‘utopia’ in this sense? The privileged site for Cyberpunk, as both fiction and social criticism, is ‘cyberspace’, the notional space within which digital communication occurs. In the vast literature that has sprung up on the subject in the last decade, this space takes on the aura of that ‘nowhere-somewhere’, which is one sense of the term ‘utopia’ (Robins 36).

Cyberpunk is not only possessed of a utopian space-how it articulates its sense of such a space connects to an older utopian tradition. As Marcos Novak has noted, the sense of cyberspace as a ‘liquid’, emergent and temporalised spatiality recalls earlier ‘visionary’ architectures, including those of the Futurists and Situationists (‘Liquid Architectures’ 246-7). This connection renders Fredric Jameson’s assertion that Cyberpunk represents ‘the supreme literary expression, if not of Postmodernism, then of late capitalism itself’ (Jameson 419), highly problematical. Using Novak’s insight as my starting point, I want to concentrate on the work of perhaps the best-known Cyberpunk author, William Gibson, tracing his use of utopian architectural metaphor from his first novel Neuromancer, to his most recent, All Tommorrow’s Parties, published in 1999. Gibson’s understanding of cyberspace, as a confused tangle of forms, ‘like city lights receding’, is profoundly architectural. Much of this architectural imaginary recalls earlier visions: from the Surrealists in the 1930′s to the Situationists in the 1960′s. This sensibility is also present in Gibson’s description of non-virtual environments. From these sources, Gibson derives his ‘utopia’-a fluid, organic spatiality constituting a rich web of adventures and encounters, and also marked by a sense of the ‘uncanny’ and the collective unconscious (space as dreamscape).

Conrad Russell completed his doctoral thesis on Fourier, the Surrealists and the Situationist International at the University of Leeds (United Kigndom).

June 1, 2002

Psychoanalysis and Economics: The Significance of the Primal Scene

Filed under: Volume 2: Dreamscapes (2002) — Tags: , , — Clifton Evers @ 6:37 am

by Jesse Shipway, Altitude, Volume 2, Article 4, 2002.

PDF Version: Psychoanlaysis and Economics: The Significance of the Primal Scene

The note of interrogation which serves as the precondition for this essay resonates out from around a single question: What might we stand to gain from bringing the hermeneutic apparatus of psycho-analysis to the logic of economics? The passage reproduced above gives us a starting point from which to begin this foray, a clue, that is in essence, Nietzschean. On this reading, the discovery of the unconscious, the principal enabling achievement of psycho-analysis should be thought first and foremost as the sounding out of a false idol; the self-same one that fills the hollow center of Slavoj Zizek’s latest work, The Ticklish Subject. I am speaking of course of the cartesian self, the self-identical cogito, the idol of rationality and reason as the master of its own house. In exorcising this phantasm, in creating a space for an understanding of the way that irrational processes cut right to the heart of human subjectivity, Freud carved out a toehold for radical critique in an otherwise sheer and intransigent epistemological fortress. Following in an unintended way from Nietszche’s invocation to philosophise with a hammer, Freud’s conceptualisation of the unconscious set in train an intellectual concatenation whose reverberations can still be heard today, even by those of us who, unlike the philologist from Basel, do not possess ears behind our ears.

But the metaphor of the hammer should not be misunderstood. Despite the insistence of many of his Anglo-American critics, Nietzsche’s was not a destructive, nor even a nihilistic philosophy. Likewise, Freud’s clinical reassessment of the enlightenment subject was never envisioned as an act of negative critique. Which leads us, after a fashion, to a reading of the discovery of the unconscious as a sublime act of creative destruction on the part of the inventor of psychoanalysis, an act perfectly in line with the less commonly grasped dimension of the Nietzschean critical imperative; to sound out idols with the tuning fork of re-valuation.

Which brings us, in a round about kind of way to economics, or more precisely, to neo-classical economics and the logical and discursive system in which it has found expression. What greater false idol presents itself to our 21st century eyes than this monstrous reifying system that, disguised as the technical recipe for guaranteeing a new capitalist prosperity for all, was smuggled into the institutional corridors of the civil society with the invidious political agendas of Thatcherism, Reaganomics and in this country, Economic Rationalism. This Hayekian blueprint for world apprehension which has served, variously, as the grounds for the neo-classical and econometric hijacking of political economy and the source of philosophical legitimacy for the previously mentioned political movements acts at the present moment in coalition with even more powerful juggernauts hell bent on implementing the latest and most devastating stages of globalisation. In combination with compromised and acquiescent governmental institutions at every legislative level, these megaliths continue to entangle greater and greater regions of our planet in the sticky web of capitalist economism. When coupled with the explosive growth in reach and influence of the world’s financial power elite, the spread of the technocratic Weltanschauung held in common by these various parties seems to bring us closer and closer to the brink of the abyss beyond which lies the dire state of affairs described by Horkheimer and Adorno in the opening paragraph of The Dialectic of Enlightenment: the fully enlightened earth which radiates disaster triumphant.

November 1, 2001

Stain

Filed under: Volume 1: Subjectivities (2001) — Tags: — Clifton Evers @ 5:53 am

by Russell Smith, Altitude, Volume 1, Creative 2, 2001.

PDF Version: Stain

There’s a stain on the ceiling.

I noticed it today, it’s very faint, you’d hardly know it was there. You might stare at the ceiling for days or even months or even years and never notice it. And then one day you see it, or rather, you sense it, and from that moment on it will always be there, indefinite but unmistakable, like those patches of warm water in the sea, or those shivers you get in the sun for no reason.

I call it a stain, it’s more a discoloration. It’s so faint, it’s almost the same colour as the ceiling itself, which is white, I may as well clear that up at the beginning. The ceiling is white, and shades by imperceptible degrees of discoloration into the area of stain, which is, obviously, not white, to put it mildly, but without being any other colour in particular, for all that.

Not that the ceiling is particularly white either, oh no, not that luminous transcendent whiteness of the perfect tennis shirt or the ideal set of teeth, but a sort of déclassé whiteness, what passes for white for the likes of us, what passes for white in this bitch of a world, just as what we call silence is clamour, just as what we call death is pullulation, and so on, enough.

So, one could say, the stain is to the ceiling as the ceiling to that other whiteness, never to be known, very pretty.

I’ve always loved doing nothing, I could happily do nothing all day long, if I didn’t tend to fall asleep from time to time. Asleep all is confusion, turmoil, panic and vain effort, it’s a relief to wake up again, I can tell you, back to the old nothings, the old blankness, peace and quiet at last.

When I’m awake I like to stare at the ceiling. No, like is too strong a word. When I’m awake I stare at the ceiling without bothering to ask myself whether I like it or not, you can call that liking, it’s as close as you’ll ever get. I call it doing nothing, it’s not really nothing, it’s something, there’s no denying it, it’s nothing much but it’s not nothing.

I used to smoke too, to pass the time, it’s important to have an occupation, but I couldn’t keep it up, I don’t know why, my heart wasn’t in it. Doing nothing is a lot better when you smoke, you can really get something out of it. Without the cigarettes even staring at the ceiling has lost the sense of purpose it once had. I don’t know why I stopped, lack of willpower, perhaps, I lack tenacity, or so I’m told. Personally I have no opinion. Lucky, in a way, that this stain came along, or I might have got bored, in the long run.

At first I didn’t notice the stain, and then there it was. I saw it, or rather, sensed it, all at once, in a flash, like an idea, or a revelation. Impossible to describe it, the stain I mean, it seems to be literally without qualities. It has no parts, no edges, no centre, no colour, no shape, no dimensions, nothing of which you could say, it is like this, or it is like that, nothing but itself, in itself, in its being.

For instance, I could say, the stain is so big that it hangs over you like a net, but that may be a trick of perspective, it may, in reality, be no bigger than a handkerchief, in reality. Or again, I could say, it is shaped like a duck, for example, or a fireman’s hat, or the letter M, but it would be truer to say that it is shaped like a duck, for example, that has been atomized and sprayed onto the ceiling with a soda siphon.

In fact, when you start to think about it, it’s difficult to decide how you know that the stain is there at all. Its edges are so indistinct, it fades so gradually into the ceiling, that you can’t perceive its outline. But if you take the opposite tack, if you try to locate the middle of it, and say, here is the stain at its worst, at its most flagrant and unmistakable, it still looks just like the rest of the ceiling, and you realise that it’s only by its edges that you know it’s there at all.

Out of the corner of your eye you perceive it with great clarity, like those stars you have to look away from in order to see, but when you look at it directly, it becomes indistinct, it recedes, and if you don’t look away in time, disappears altogether.

I’m not afraid of it dripping. It seems to be a seeping stain, rather than a dripping stain, if it is either of these. Personally, I think it’s a dry stain, a dry seeping stain, if such a thing is possible. I like to think of it as a sort of oozing crystalline muck, slow, imperceptible, mildly toxic, eventually crushing us all.

Some days I don’t even notice it, and other days it seems to have got worse. Yes, and some days I’ll be thinking about how much worse it has got, and whether I should do something about it, assuming for a moment that anything could be done, and assuming too that if anything could be done I would be capable of doing it, and if, occupied with these thoughts, I look out of the window for a moment, to calm myself, distract myself, stupefy myself or gain time, by the time I look back the stain is gone, as if I were dreaming.

But at other times the stain, when you look at it, disappears, and returns when you look away. No, that’s not right, start again. When you look at the stain, the stain’s not there, and when you look away, out of the corner of your eye you see it disappear. It comes into being in the periphery of your vision, only to disappear in the same instant. It exists as a disappearance, appears as its own vanishing.

It occurred to me one day that in reality the stain may not be a discoloration at all, but a shadow. That wouldn’t surprise me, on the contrary, it would be more surprising if things turned out to be what they seem, even after the most probing investigation. The deceptiveness of appearances is the rule rather than the exception, if I’m not mistaken. So one counts on being wrong at least a reasonable percentage of the time, but not enough to be able to count on being right by a simple process of reversing one’s judgements. To be wrong all the time, what knowledge that would be, in the right hands. In the end you learn to be wary, to reserve judgement.

So, perhaps the stain is a shadow. If the ceiling is not perfectly white, it’s reasonable to assume that it’s not perfectly flat as well, it stands to reason. Perfection is not of this world, I’ve often noticed it. And so what appears to be a permanent discoloration of the ceiling would in reality be the effect of the shadows cast by the ceiling’s imperceptible convexities over its imperceptible concavities, that would explain a lot. The fineness of the variations in the flatness of the ceiling would account for the diffuseness of the stain’s edges, and the changes in the angle and the intensity of the light would account for the apparent changes in the size, shape and intensity of the stain. An ingenious hypothesis, setting all my questions to rest at a single blow, simple and elegant into the bargain, I must see if I can refute it. But, why bother? I don’t believe the hypothesis, why should I believe its refutation?

It’s easy enough to say to yourself that existence is absurd, life is meaningless, there’s no point in going on. You can even find comfort in it, in a funny way. But it really only remains a frigid and artificial construction of the understanding until you start to feel, sooner or later, that in fact it is only your life that is absurd, meaningless and futile. And not just your life like the lives of others, your life like life in general, but your life only, your life as the exception to the rule, not a universal futility, but a singular one. When the conviction gradually takes hold that, amidst such bounty and promise, while all around you others thrived and prospered, you managed, totally against the odds, to make of your life one enormous concatenated fuckup, that’s when you really start to crack your teeth on the existential toffee apple. To go on living in such circumstances, to go on laughing at the same old joke long after it has ceased to be funny, can only be taken as an insult, without it being exactly clear who is insulting whom, whether you the others, or the others you, or you life, or life you, or life itself and to hell with the personalities.

Sometimes, when I look at the ceiling the stain is still there, and sometimes when I look again the stain is gone, and sometimes when it’s still there I’m relieved, and sometimes when it’s still there I’m anxious, and sometimes when it’s gone I am happy, and sometimes when it’s gone I am fretful and afraid, so that sometimes I close my eyes and think about the stain, and about how faint it is and how unmistakable, and how it isn’t really anything at all, and how it persists.

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